Советы по шахматам для начинающих

The best chess tips for beginners are habits, not memorised openings: before every move, look for checks, captures and threats; get your knights and bishops out; castle early; and stop leaving pieces where they can be taken for free. Fix those four and you will beat most players at your level. Each tip below can be practised straight away in the free chess game against the computer.

1. Run "checks, captures, threats" before every move

This is the single most useful routine in chess. Before you touch a piece, ask three questions, first for your opponent and then for yourself:

1. Checks: what checks are possible?
2. Captures: what can be taken, and is it defended?
3. Threats: what is attacked, and what would the last move attack next?

Doing it for your opponent stops you from blundering. Doing it for yourself finds the tactics you would otherwise miss. It feels slow at first, then becomes automatic.

2. Don't hang pieces

A "hanging" piece is one that can be captured for free. Most beginner games are decided by a hung piece, not by brilliant play. A simple blunder check: after choosing your move, imagine it played and look at every piece you have. Is anything now attacked and not defended?

The free chess game shows captured pieces above and below the board, with a + number for whoever is ahead in material. If that number swings against you, look back at the move list to see where the piece went.

3. Know what the pieces are worth

The standard guide values are:

Piece	Value
Pawn	1
Knight	3
Bishop	3
Rook	5
Queen	9

The king has no number because losing it loses the game. These values tell you whether a trade is good: giving a knight (3) for a rook (5) gains you two points, often called "winning the exchange". They are guides rather than laws, but beginners who respect them lose far fewer games. If you are still learning the moves, read how chess pieces move first.

4. Develop knights and bishops first

In the first ten moves, aim to bring out both knights and both bishops towards the centre. Moving the same piece twice, or pushing lots of pawns on the side of the board, leaves you behind in development. A useful rule: knights before bishops, and don't put a knight on the edge, where it controls fewer squares.

You do not need to memorise lines. If you want names to try, see the best chess openings for beginners.

5. Fight for the centre

The four middle squares (d4, d5, e4, e5) matter most early on, because pieces placed there reach further. Opening with 1. e4 or 1. d4 and following up with knights on c3 and f3 (c6 and f6 for Black) puts pressure on the centre straight away.

6. Castle early

Castling tucks your king behind a wall of pawns and brings a rook towards the middle in a single move. Try to castle within the first ten moves, usually on the kingside. You can't castle if the king or that rook has moved, or if the king is in check or would pass through an attacked square. The full rules are in how to castle in chess. In the free chess game, click your king and the castling square appears among its legal moves when castling is allowed.

7. Don't bring the queen out too early

The queen is your strongest piece, so your opponent gains time by attacking it with cheaper pieces. Every time you have to move it again, they develop another piece. Let the minor pieces go first; the queen joins once your position is set up.

8. When you're ahead, trade pieces

If you are a piece up, swapping equal pieces (knight for knight, rook for rook) makes your extra material count for more, because there is less left for your opponent to attack with. When you are behind, do the opposite: keep pieces on and look for complications.

9. In the endgame, use your king

Once the queens are off, the king becomes a fighting piece. March it towards the centre and help your pawns advance. Push passed pawns (pawns with no enemy pawns in front of them or on the next files) because each one is a potential new queen. And when your opponent has only a king left, watch for stalemate. The checkmate patterns article shows the stalemate trap and how to finish properly.

10. Learn from every loss

Every game you lose has a moment where it turned. After a game, scroll through the move list next to the board (below it on a phone) and find the first move where you lost material or missed a threat. Then play another game looking for that same mistake.

Как это сделать practise these chess tips for beginners

1. Open the free chess game and choose Against the computer.
2. Start on Easy. It makes plenty of mistakes, so you can practise taking free pieces and finishing games. Move to Medium once you win most games, and Hard (it thinks for up to two seconds a move) when Medium feels comfortable.
3. Click a piece to see the squares it can move to. The dots only show your own moves, so run the blunder check yourself: after your move, which of your pieces could the opponent's pieces reach?
4. Use Undo to take back a mistake and look for a better move, but try a few games without it to see how you play for real.
5. Your won, lost and drawn record is saved in your browser, so you can watch it improve.

If chess feels heavy after a long day, a few rounds of the free checkers game train the same "what can they capture next?" thinking with fewer pieces to track.

Start your next game

Pick one tip, the check-captures-threats routine is the best start, and use it for every move of your next five games. The free chess game runs in your browser with no sign-up.